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3. Itinerarium peregrinorum et gesta regis Ricardi; auctore, ut videtur, Ricardo, canonico Sanctж Trinitatis Londoniensis, in Chronicles and Memorials of the Reign of Richard I, edited by William Stubbs, Rolls Series 38, vol. 1 (London: Longman, 1864), p. 440 (Book 6 chapter 35); Chronicle of the Third Crusade, A Translation of the Itinerarium peregrinorum et gesta regis Ricardi, trans. Helen J. Nicholson, Crusade Texts in Translation 3 (Aldershot: Ashgate, 1997), pp. 379-80; The History of the Holy War: Ambroise's Estoire de la Guerre Sainte, edited by Marianne Ailes and Malcolm Barber, 2 vols (Woodbridge: Boydell, 2003), lines 12,201-12,206 (vol. 1, p. 197; vol. 2, p. 192); L'Estoire de la Guerre Sainte, edited by Catherine Croizy-Naquet, Classiques franзais du Moyen Вge 174 (Paris: Honorй Champion, 2014), строки 12, 235-12, 240, p. 721. О том, что сексуальная активность необходима для здоровья мужчин и женщин, см. Joan Cadden, Meanings of Sex Difference in the Middle Ages: Medicine, Science, and Culture (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993), pp. 273-6.
4. Например, Christine de Pisan, The Treasure of the City of Ladies, or the Book of the Three Virtues, trans. Sarah Lawson (Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1985), p. 129 (Part 2, chapter 9).
5. См., например, David J. Hay, The Military Leadership of Matilda of Canossa, 1046-1115 (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2008), pp. 247-54; Patrick Corbet, `Entre Aliйnor d'Aquitaine et Blanche de Castille. Les princesses au pouvoir dans la France de l'Est', in Mдchtige Frauen? Kцniginnen und Fьrstinnen im europдischen Mittelalter (11.-14. Jahrhundert), edited by Claudia Zey with Sophie Caflisch and Philippe Goridis, Vortrдge und Forschungen 81 (Ostfildern: Jan Thorbecke, 2015), pp. 225-47, at 239-40; Geldsetzer, Frauen auf Kreuzzьgen, pp. 123, 256 note 13; Helen Nicholson, Medieval Warfare: Theory and Practice of War in Europe, 300-1500 (Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2004), pp. 61-3; Katrin E. Sjursen, `Pirate, Traitor, Wife: Jeanne of Belleville and the Categories of Fourteenth-Century French Noblewomen', in Medieval Elite Women and the Exercise of Power, 1100-1400: Moving beyond the Exceptionalist Debate, edited by Heather J. Tanner (Cham: Palgrave Macmillan, 2019), pp. 135-56, at p. 136; Katrin E. Sjursen, `The War of the Two Jeannes and the Role of the Duchess in Lordship in the Fourteenth Century', Medieval Feminist Forum 51.1 (2015): pp. 4-40; Justine Firnhaber-Baker, `The Social Constituency of the Jacquerie Revolt of 1358', Speculum 95.3 (2020): pp. 689-715, at p. 711; Jean A. Truax, `Anglo-Norman Women at War: Valiant Soldiers, Prudent Strategists or Charismatic Leaders?' in The Circle of War in the Middle Ages: Essays on Medieval Military and Naval History, edited by Donald J. Kagay and L. J. Andrew Villalon (Woodbridge: Boydell, 1999), pp. 111-25; James E. Gilbert, `A Medieval "Rosie the Riveter"? Women in France and Southern England during the Hundred Years War', in The Hundred Years War: A Wider Focus, edited by L. J. Andrew Villalon and Donald J. Kagay, History of Warfare 25 (Leiden: Brill, 2005), pp. 333-63.
6. Simon Lloyd, English Society and the Crusade, 1216-1307 (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1988), pp. 77-8, 168-9, 173-5, 260, 268; Christopher Tyerman, England and the Crusades, 1095-1588 (Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 1988), pp. 171, 209-11, 221, 283-5; Jonathan Riley-Smith, `Family Traditions and Participation in the Second Crusade', in The Second Crusade and the Cistercians, edited by Michael Gervers (New York: St Martin's Press, 1992), pp. 101-8; James M. Powell, `The Role of Women in the Fifth Crusade', in The Horns of Hatt n , edited by B. Z. Kedar (Jerusalem: Yad Izhak Ben-Zvi, 1992), pp. 294-301; Helen Nicholson, `Women on the Third Crusade', Journal of Medieval History 23.4 (1997): pp. 335-49; Gendering the Crusades, edited by Susan B. Edgington and Sarah Lambert (Cardiff: University of Wales Press, 2001); Stephen Bennett, Elite Participation in the Third Crusade (Woodbridge: Boydell, 2021), pp. 109-14.
7. Geldsetzer, Frauen auf Kreuzzьgen, pp. 181-213.
8. Christoph T. Maier, `The Roles of Women in the Crusade Movement: A Survey', Journal of Medieval History 30.1 (2004): pp. 61-82, at pp. 69-70.
9. Conor Kostick, `Women and the First Crusade: prostitutes or pilgrims?' in Studies on Medieval and Early Modern Women 4: Victims or Viragos? edited by Christine Meek and Catherine Lawless (Dublin: Four Courts Press, 2005), pp. 57-68; Conor Kostick, The Social Structure of the First Crusade (Leiden: Brill, 2008), pp. 271-85; Murray, `Sex, Death and the Problem of Single Women', pp. 255-70.
10. Geldsetzer, Frauen auf Kreuzzьgen, pp. 157-62; Yvonne Friedman, Encounter between Enemies: Captivity and Ransom in the Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem (Leiden: Brill, 2002), pp. 162-86; Yvonne Friedman, `Captivity and Ransom: the Experience of Women', in Gendering the Crusades, edited by Susan B. Edgington and Sarah Lambert (Cardiff: University of Wales Press, 2001), pp. 121-39.
11. Gilbert, `A Medieval "Rosie the Riveter"?' pp. 345, 348-9, 351; см.также Firnhaber-Baker, `The Social Constituency of the Jacquerie Revolt', p. 711.
12. О проблеме нечистоты см. Leigh Ann Craig ` "Stronger than Men and braver than Knights": Women and the Pilgrimages to Jerusalem and Rome in the Later Middle Ages', Journal of Medieval History 29.3 (2003): pp. 153-75, at pp. 166-7.
13. Geldsetzer, Frauen auf Kreuzzьgen, pp. 95-103; Albert of Aachen, Historia Ierosolimitana: History of the Journey to Jerusalem, edited and translated by Susan B. Edgington (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007), pp. 138-41 (Book 3, section 2).
14. Johannes de Tulbia, `De Domino Iohanne, rege Ierusalem', in Quinti Belli Sacri Scriptores Minores, edited by Reinhold Rцhricht, Publications de la Sociйtй de l'Orient Latin, Sйrie historique 2 (Geneva: J.-G. Fick, 1879), pp. 119-40, at p. 139; Oliver of Paderborn in Jessalynn Bird, Edward Peters, and James M. Powell, eds and trans., Crusade and Christendom: Annotated Documents in Translation from Innocent III to the Fall of Acre, 1187-1291 (Philadelphia, PA: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2013), pp. 193, 221.
15. Jessalynn Bird, `Indulgences and Penance', in The Crusades: An Encyclopedia, ed. Alan V. Murray, 4 vols (Santa Barbara, CA: ABC Clio, 2006), vol. 2, pp. 633-7.
16. Matthew E. Parker, `Papa et pecunia: Innocent III's combination of Reform and Fiscal Policy to Finance Crusades', Mediterranean Historical Review 32.1 (2017): pp. 1-23, at pp. 6-7, 13; James A. Brundage, Medieval Canon Law and the Crusader (Madison, WI: University of Wisconsin Press, 1969), p. 77; Geldsetzer, Frauen auf Kreuzzьgen, pp. 34-41.
17. Maier, `The Roles of Women in the Crusade Movement', цитируя (например), Constance M. Rousseau, `Home Front and Battlefield: The Gendering of Papal Crusading Policy (1095-1221)', in Gendering the Crusades, edited by Susan B. Edgington and Sarah Lambert (Cardiff: University of Wales Press, 2001), pp. 31-44; Thйrиse de Hemptinne, `Les йpouses de croisйs et pиlerins flamandes aux XIe et XIIe siиcles: L'exemple des comtesses de Flandre Clйmence et Sybille', in Autour de la premiиre Croisade. Actes du colloque de la Society for the Study of the Crusades and the Latin East, Clermont-Ferrand, 22-25 juin 1995, edited by Michel Balard (Paris: Publications de la Sorbonne, 1996), pp. 83-95.
18. Недавние исследования по некоторым из этих более широких аспектов включают: M. Cecilia Gaposchkin, Invisible Weapons: Liturgy and the Making of Crusade Ideology (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2017); Amnon Linder, Raising Arms: Liturgy in the Struggle to Liberate Jerusalem in the Late Middle Ages (Turnhout: Brepols, 2003); Megan Cassidy-Welch, ed., Remembering the Crusades and Crusading (London: Routledge, 2017); Danielle E. A. Park, Papal Protection and the Crusader: Flanders, Champagne, and the Kingdom of France, 1095-1222 (Woodbridge: Boydell, 2018); Simon Thomas Parsons and Linda M. Paterson, eds, Literature of the Crusades (Cambridge: D. S. Brewer, 2018); Christopher Tyerman, How to Plan a Crusade: Reason and Religious War in the High Middle Ages (London: Allen Lane, 2015).
19. Giles Constable, `The Historiography of the Crusades', in The Crusades from the Perspective of Byzantium and the Muslim World, edited by Angeliki E. Laiou and Roy Parviz Mottahedeh (Dumbarton Oaks: Dumbarton Oaks Research Library, 2001), pp. 1-22, at p. 12. О термине "государства крестоносцев" см. Andrew D. Buck, `Settlement, Identity, and Memory in the Latin East: An Examination of the Term "Crusader States" ', English Historical Review 135/573 (2020): pp. 271-302.
20. Constable, `Historiography', pp. 12-14.
21. Norman Housley, The Later Crusades: From Lyons to Alcazar, 1274-1580 (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1992), pp. 2-6, 47-8, 389-91.
22. Taddesse Tamrat, `Ethiopia, the Red Sea and the Horn', in The Cambridge History of Africa, volume 3: from c. 1050 to c. 1600, edited by Roland Oliver (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1977), pp. 98-182, at pp. 169-77, 181-2; Verena Krebs, Medieval Ethiopian Kingship, Craft, and Diplomacy with Latin Europe (Cham: Palgrave Macmillan, 2021), p. 154; Margaux Herman, `Towards a History of Women in Medieval Ethiopia', in A Companion to Medieval Ethiopia and Eritrea, edited by Samantha Kelly (Leiden: Brill, 2020), pp. 365-94, at pp. 393-4.
23. [Miguel de Castanhoso] The Portuguese expedition to Abyssinia in 1541-1543, as narrated by Castanhoso, trans. R. S. Whiteway, Hakluyt Society second series vol. 10 (London: Hakluyt Society, 1902), pp. 4, 6, 7, 8, 19-20, 68-9, 72.
24. The True History of the Conquest of New Spain by Bernal Dнaz del Castillo, one of its conquerors, from the only exact copy made of the Original Manuscript, edited by Genaro Garcнa, translated with introduction and notes by Alfred Percival Maudslay, Hakluyt Society second series 23 (London: Hakluyt Society, 1908), pp. 7, 13-14, 26, 97-9, 111, 121, 127, 128-130, 231, 244, 256, 269, 280 (Книга 1, главы 1-2, 5, Книга 2, главы 27-28, 31, 34, 36, Книга 4, главы 63, 66, 69, 73, 77).
25. Обзор см.: Sylvia Schein, `Bridget of Sweden, Margery Kempeand Women's Jerusalem Pilgrimages in the Middle Ages', Mediterranean Historical Review 14:1 (1999): pp. 44-58.
26. Второй крестовый поход: The Conquest of Lisbon: De expugnatione Lyxbonense, translated by Charles Wendell David, foreword and bibliography by Jonathan Phillips (New York: Columbia University Press, 2001), pp. 70, 108, 120; Odo of Deuil, De Profectione Ludovici VII in Orientem; The Journey of Louis VII to the East, edited and translated by Virginia Gingerick Berry (New York: Columbia University Press, 1948), pp. 16, 22, 34, 38, 40, 44, 76; Третий крестовый поход: Das Itinerarium peregrinorum: eine zeitgenцssische englische Chronik zum dritten Kreuzzug in ursprьnglicher Gestalt, edited by Hans Eberhard Mayer, Schriften der Monumenta Germaniae historica (Deutsches Institut fur Erforschung des Mittelalters) 18 (Stuttgart: Anton Hiersemann, 1962), p. 277 line 12, p. 278 line 17, p. 309 line 5; `Narratio de Itinere Navali Peregrinorum Hierosolymam Tendentium et Silviam Capientium, A. D. 1189', edited by Charles Wendell David, Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society 81.5 (1939): pp. 591-676, at pp. 610, 636; о первом крестовом походе Людовика IX как паломничестве см. Caroline Smith, Crusading in the Age of Joinville (Aldershot: Ashgate, 2006), pp. 109-17; о связи между крестовыми походами и паломничеством в четырнадцатом веке см. Timothy Guard, Chivalry, Kingship and Crusade: The English Experience in the Fourth Century (Woodbridge: Boydell, 2013), рр. 21, 28, 73-4, 95-6, 101-2, 120, 156; в 1350-х годах Жоффруа де Шарни приравнивал "voiages et pelerinages (путешествия и паломничества)" к предприятиям, в которых молодые воины могут завоевать себе репутацию: The Book of Chivalry of Geoffroi de Charny: Text, Context, and Translation, edited and translated by Richard W. Kaeuper and Elspeth Kennedy (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1996), p. 90, раздел 9; Филипп де Мезьер, канцлер франкского королевства Кипр, озаглавил свою книгу, призывающую христиан объединиться в новом крестовом походе "Сон старого паломника": Philippe de Mеziеres, Chancellor of Cyprus, Le Songe du vieil pelerin, edited by G. W. Coopland, 2 vols (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1969); Henry Despenser's crusade of 1383, in Documents on the Later Crusades, 1274-1580, edited and translated by Norman Housley (Basingstoke: Macmillan, 1996), p. 96.
27. Jonathan Riley-Smith, The First Crusade and the Idea of Crusading (London: Athlone Press, 1986), p. 22; James Muldoon, `Crusading and Canon Law', in Palgrave Advances in the Crusades, edited by Helen J. Nicholson (Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2005), pp. 37-57, at p. 46.
28. Christopher Tyerman, The Debate on the Crusades (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2011), p. 23; Christopher Tyerman, The Invention of the Crusades (Basingstoke: Macmillan, 1998), pp. 20-4, 27-8; Gaposchkin, Invisible Weapons, pp. 65-91.
29. Gaposchkin, Invisible Weapons, pp. 230-2.
30. Bird, Peters, and Powell, eds and trans., Crusade and Christendom, p. 447; I. L. Bass, `The Crozier and the Cross: Crusading and the English Episcopate, c. 1170-1313' (PhD thesis, Manchester Metropolitan University, 2019), p. 148.
31. Craig, ` "Stronger than Men and Braver than Knights" ', pp. 153-75.
32. Angela E. Bailey, `Women Pilgrims and their Travelling Companions in twelfth-century England', Viator 46.1 (2015): pp. 115-34; исследование Бейли касается паломничества внутри Англии, но случаи Марджери Кемпе и Изабель Паревастелл, одиноких женщин-паломниц, позволяют предположить, что ее выводы могут быть применимы и к зарубежным паломничествам.
33. Фелисити Ридди, "Кемпе [урожденная Брунэм], Марджери (1373 г., ум. в 1438 г. или позже)", в Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, edited by H. C. G. Matthew and Brian Harrison (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004), онлайн издание доступно по состоянию на 28 сентября 2020 г. https://doi-org.abc.cardiff.ac.uk/10.1093/ref:odnb/15337 ; Anthony Goodman, Margery Kempe and her World (Harlow: Longman, 2002), pp. 185-95; The Book of Margery Kempe, translated by Anthony Bale (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2015), pp. 57-72 (главы 26-30).
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